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A. BUCHANAN.

QUARTZ ORUSHER. No. 45,222. Patented Nov. 29

C a w Ag 4 v 2 II II I llJl Ii UNITED STATES I PATENT OFFICE.

"ANDREW BUCHANAN, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

-. IMPROVEMENT IN QUARTZ-CRUSHERS.

Specification forming part of Letters PatentNo. 45,222, dated November 29, 1864; antedated November .To all whom it concern:

Be it known that I, ANDREW BUCHANAN, of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State vof New York,- have jinvented a new and Improved Apparatus for- Brushing Quart-z, &c.; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable those skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 represents alongitudinalvertical section of my invention taken in the plane indicated by the line 50 m, Fig. 2; Fig.2 is a .plan or top view of the same.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

, This invention consists in the employment surface of the cogs and that of the cavities in passing each other a grinding effect is pro- ,duced which facilitates the crushing operation in a great measure. Said crushing-wh eels are provided with projecting side flanges to prevent the substance to be crushed and that already cr'ushed from getting between the journals and journal-boxes.

A A represent two crushing-wheels, which are made of cast-iron or other suitable material in the best possible manner. If cast, their surfaces ought to be chilled to render themas hard as possible. These wheels are provided gwithlcogs'a a and intervening cavities b b and they are secured to axles G O in such relation to each other that the cogs of one mesh into the cavities of the other in the mannor of cog-wheels. IThe cogs and corresponding cavities maybe rounded, as shown in the drawings, or one or both may be provided with flat or with projecting portions, according to the nature of the substance tobe crushed.

For quartz the form of the cogs and cavities shown in the drawings will be preferable to any other.

The'number of cogs in each wheel may be varied according to the size of the wheels and according to the nature of the substance to be crushed, and if the wheels are made with three cogs only, as shown in the drawings, two wheels may be placed side by side on the same shaft, or each wheel may be cast solid, so

as to represent two distinct wheels, each of which has it cogs in line with the cavities of the other, and vice versa.

The axles G 0 have their bearings-in suitable journal-boxes, c c, in the frame B, and the boxesof theaxle Q are made adjustable by mean-s of set-screws 5?, or many other 'convenient manner, so that the distance between the crushing-surfaces of the two wheels can be regulated at pleasure. If desired, suitable springs, of india rubber or other material,may be interposed between the point of the screws and the movable boxes 0, so that the wheel A is .made yielding and injury to the working.

parts of the apparatus is prevented incase a piece of iron or other similar hard ,material should accidentally get between the crushingsurfaces.

The quarta or other material to be crushed is fed to the wheels A A by means of a hopper or in any other suitable manner, and, as the wheels revolve, said substance is gradually drawn in between the crushing-surfaces, and by the difference in the velocity of the points or outer surfaces of the cogs and the inner surfaces of the cavities a grinding eifect is produced which facilitates to a considerable extent the operation of crushing.

The sides of the crushingwvheels are protected by flanges D D, which project above the cavities b. b in said wheels and prevent the material to be crushed or already crushed from dropping on the journals and getting be tween the bearings of the axles. These side flanges may be made to overlap each other if it should be desirable.

This apparatus is particularly intended for the purpose of crushing quartz, but'it can be used for crushing my other material or su'bstance, such as plaster-paris, stones, coal, linseed, and so forth. It is very simple in its and arranged in relation to each other like cogwheels, substantially as and for the purpose herein shown and described.

' 2. The application of the side flanges, D D, to the crushing-whcels A A, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

ANDRE-W BUCHANAN.

Witnesses:

W. HAUFF, J. P. HALL. 

